A neonatal patient with Herpes simplex virus type-2 meningoencephalitis was treated by high-dose intravenous acyclovir therapy. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations were measured retrospectively, showing that the CSF-to-serum concentration ratio was 0.67-0.71, which was higher than the previously reported values in other age groups.
Herpes Simplex , Meningoencephalitis , Acyclovir/therapeutic use , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Cerebrospinal Fluid , Herpes Simplex/drug therapy , Herpesvirus 2, Human , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Meningoencephalitis/drug therapy , Retrospective Studies
Ecthyma gangrenosum (EG) is a serious bacterial infection in immunocompromised patients. EG in transplant recipients is rarely reported and may go unrecognized, which may delay initiation of appropriate treatment. We report a case of EG in a pediatric heart transplant recipient who was treated successfully with antibiotics and surgical debridement.
Ecthyma/diagnosis , Heart Transplantation/adverse effects , Pseudomonas Infections/diagnosis , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Child, Preschool , Debridement , Ecthyma/drug therapy , Ecthyma/microbiology , Ecthyma/surgery , Humans , Immunocompromised Host , Male , Pseudomonas Infections/drug therapy
Gastritis cystica profunda (GCP) is a rare condition caused by ectopic entrapment of gastric glands, probably secondary to the disruption of muscularis mucosae. GCP is often associated with gastric adenocarcinoma, and loss of the KCNE2 subunit from potassium channel complexes is considered a common primary target molecule leads to both GCP and malignancy. In this study, we, for the first time, analyzed the expression of KCNE2 in surgically excised tissue from human gastric cancer associated with GCP and confirmed that reduced KCNE2 expression correlates with disease formation.
Adenocarcinoma/chemistry , Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis , Gastritis/metabolism , Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated/analysis , Stomach Neoplasms/chemistry , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Adenocarcinoma/surgery , Biopsy , Down-Regulation , Gastrectomy , Gastric Mucosa/chemistry , Gastric Mucosa/pathology , Gastritis/pathology , Gastritis/surgery , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Male , Middle Aged , Stomach Neoplasms/pathology , Stomach Neoplasms/surgery
Introduction. Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare and severe adult-onset, sporadic, and progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Here, we describe an autopsy case of MSA in a long-term professional painter. Although typical glial cytoplasmic inclusion (GCI) was not observed in a routine histological examination, strong α-synuclein immunostaining in the nucleus confirmed the diagnosis of MSA. Case Presentation. A 48-year-old Japanese man with a long occupational history of professional painter was sent to the emergency room, where he died of multiple organ failure. The patient had suffered tremors and inarticulateness at age 28, developed diabetes at 42 and was diagnosed with spinocerebellar degeneration at 46. A histopathological examination showed severe neuronal loss, gliosis, and tissue rarefaction in the paleostriatum, striate body of the substantia nigra, the pons, and the olivary nucleus of the upper medulla oblongata, intermediolateral of the spinal gray matter (sacral region). α-synuclein-positive GCI in oligodendroglia was occurred in the cerebral cortex, the midbrain, the medulla oblongata, and the spinal cord. These findings confirmed the presence of multiple-system atrophy (OPCA+SDS). Conclusion. Although the pathogenesis of MSA is still unclear, prolonged, and extensive exposure to organic solvents, together with a hyperglycemic morbidity attributed to diabetes, may have contributed to the onset and clinical course of the present case.
